Persistenter Cannabiskonsum verschlechtert Symptomatik und Funktionsniveau bei Psychose; Konsumeinstellung normalisiert das Outcome auf das Niveau von Nie-Konsumierenden.
Zusammenfassung
10-Jahres-Kohortenstudie (n=209 Erstpsychose-Patienten, PAFIP-Kohorte): Persistente Cannabis-Nutzer zeigten signifikant schwerere Symptome (BPRS: χ²=15.583, p<0.001; SAPS: χ²=12.386, p=0.002) und schlechtere Funktionalität (DAS: χ²=6.067, p=0.048; GAF: χ²=6.635, p=0.033) gegenüber Ex-Nutzern und Nie-Nutzern. Ex-Nutzer zeigten ähnliche Outcomes wie Nie-Nutzer.
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PopulationPatienten mit erstmaliger Psychoseepisode (FEP), n=209, PAFIP-Kohorte
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InterventionPersistenter Cannabiskonsum vs. Aufgabe des Konsums (Ex-Konsumierende)
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KontrolleNie-Konsumierende (Never-users)
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OutcomePersistente Cannabisnutzer zeigten nach 10 Jahren schwerere Symptome (BPRS: p≤0.001; SAPS: p=0.002) und schlechtere Funktionsfähigkeit (DAS: p=0.048; GAF: p=0.033); Ex-Konsumierende unterschieden sich nicht von Nie-Konsumierenden
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Autoren
Setién-Suero E, Neergaard K, Ortiz-García de la Foz V, Suárez-Pinilla P, Martínez-García O, Crespo-Facorro B, Ayesa-Arriola R.
<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the long-term (up to 10 years) patterns related to cannabis use in a sample of patients with first episode of psychosis (FEP) and the effect that consumption might have on clinical, functioning, and neurocognition at long-term.<h4>Methods</h4>Cannabis use was described in 209 FEP patients. Patients were divided into three groups according to cannabis use: persistent users, ex-users, and never-users. Groups were longitudinally (baseline and 10-year follow-up) compared on clinical, functional, and cognitive variables.<h4>Results</h4>Clinical differences at 10-year follow-up were observed between persistent cannabis users and the other two groups (ex-users and never-users), showing persistent users more severe symptoms (BPRS: x<sup>2</sup> = 15.583, P ≤ 0.001;
Saps: x<sup>2</sup> = 12.386, P = 0.002) and poorer functionality (DAS: x<sup>2</sup> = 6.067, P = 0.048;
Gaf: x<sup>2</sup> = 6.635, P = 0.033). Patients who stopped cannabis use prior to the reassessment showed a similar pattern to those who had never consumed.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The use of cannabis could negatively affect the evolution of the psychotic disorder. Perhaps the negative effects caused by cannabis use could be reversed with the cessation of consumption. It is necessary to make an effort in the intervention toward an early withdrawal from the use of cannabis, since this could play an important role in the prognosis of the disease.