Cannabis use during adolescence and the occurrence of depression, suicidality and anxiety disorder across adulthood: Findings from a longitudinal cohort study over 30 years
Hengartner et al.·Journal of Affective DisordersImpact 4.3
GemischtGRADENiedrig59 Zitate
Stichproben = 591 Pat.
Dauer30 Jahre
KontrolleKein Cannabiskonsum in der Adoleszenz
EndpunktDepression, Suizidalität…
Verblindungn.a.
DesignProspektive Bevölkerungskohortenstudie (30 Jahre Follow-up)
”Kernaussage
Adoleszenter Cannabiskonsum erhöht das Risiko für Depression und Suizidalität im Erwachsenenalter signifikant, nicht jedoch das Risiko für Angststörungen.
Zusammenfassung
Prospektive Kohortenstudie über 30 Jahre (n=591, Zürich). Cannabiskonsum im Jugendalter (24%) assoziiert mit Depression im Erwachsenenalter (aOR=1.70, 95%-CI=1.24-2.32) und Suizidalität (aOR=1.65, 95%-CI=1.11-2.47). Früher Erstkonsum (≤15/16 Jahre) und häufiger Konsum im Jugendalter erhöhten Depressionsrisiko zusätzlich. Kein signifikanter Effekt auf Angststörungen (aOR=1.10, 95%-CI=0.82-1.48). Assoziationen unabhängig von Cannabismissbrauch und anderen Substanzen im Erwachsenenalter.
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PopulationBevölkerungsbasierte Kohorte junger Erwachsener aus Zürich, Schweiz, n=591, retrospektiv mit ≤19/20 Jahren auf Cannabiskonsum in der Adoleszenz befragt
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InterventionCannabiskonsum in der Adoleszenz (≤19/20 Jahre; früher Erstkonsum ≤15/16 Jahre vs. 16/17–19/20 Jahre; häufiger vs. seltener Konsum)
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KontrolleKein Cannabiskonsum in der Adoleszenz
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OutcomeCannabiskonsum in der Adoleszenz assoziiert mit Depression (aOR=1,70; 95%-KI 1,24–2,32) und Suizidalität (aOR=1,65; 95%-KI 1,11–2,47), nicht jedoch mit Angststörungen (aOR=1,10; 95%-KI 0,82–1,48) im Erwachsenenalter
Vertrauen in die Evidenz
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Zweite von vier GRADE-Stufen, die Effektschätzung ist begrenzt verlässlich.
Design: Prospektive Bevölkerungskohortenstudie (30 Jahre Follow-up)
Teilen
Abstract
<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the association between cannabis use in adolescence and the occurrence of depression, suicidality and anxiety disorders during adulthood.<h4>Methods</h4>A stratified population-based cohort of young adults (n = 591) from Zurich, Switzerland, was retrospectively assessed at age 19/20 for cannabis use in adolescence. The occurrence of depression, suicidality and anxiety disorders was repeatedly assessed via semi-structured clinical interviews at the ages of 20/21, 22/23, 27/28, 29/30, 34/35, 40/41, and 49/50. Associations were controlled for various covariates, including socio-economic deprivation in adolescence as well as repeated time-varying measures of substance abuse during adulthood.<h4>Results</h4>About a quarter (24%) reported cannabis use during adolescence; 11% started at age 15/16 or younger and 13% between the ages of 16/17 and 19/20. In the adjusted multivariable model, cannabis use during adolescence was associated with adult depression (aOR = 1.70, 95%-CI = 1.24-2.32) and suicidality (aOR = 1.65, 95%-CI = 1.11-2.47), but not anxiety disorders (aOR = 1.10, 95%-CI = 0.82-1.48). First use at age 15/16 and younger (as against first use between age 16/17 and 19/20 and no use) and frequent use in adolescence (as against less frequent use and no use) were associated with a higher risk of depression in adult life.<h4>Conclusions</h4>In this longitudinal cohort study over 30-years, cannabis use during adolescence was associated with depression and suicidality in adult life. Young age at first use and high frequency of use in adolescence may particularly increase the risk of depression in adulthood. All associations were independent of cannabis abuse and other substance abuse during adulthood.